Unfortunately there are still many misbelieves about institutions and their alternatives, community based services. It’s time to acknowledge the basic facts about deinstitutionalization.
5 important facts about deinstitutionalization:
1. Quality of service is better in community living. Studies which focused on the differences between quality of service delivered in institutions and the quality of community based services clearly showed: Institutions provide generally poorer quality of services.
2. Costs effectiveness – community based services don’t cost us more. Many studies focusing on the costs of institutional care and the costs of community based services showed that institutional care is not at all cheaper than community based services.
3. Experience on community based services is available. Decision makers often say that there is very little practical experience on the transition from institutions to community living. This is simply not true. The process of ‘deinstitutionalization’ is well advanced in Scandinavia, the USA, Canada, the United Kingdom, and Australasia.
4. Institutions cannot protect people from exploitation and abuse. Many people think that disabled people need protection that can only be provided in big institutions. At the same time empirical studies showed the opposite: well structured community based services mean lower risk of abuse or exploitation than institutions.
5. Governments do have the financial sources for the one-time costs of deinstitutionalization. Structural Funds provided by the European Union are a possible source of finances for the cost of deinstitutionalization. There are countries such as Bulgaria where the Government made serious commitment to use EU Structural Funds for closing down institutions and setting up community based services for children.